এইচ এস সি পরীক্ষায় ইংরেজি গ্রামারের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি অংশ হলো বাক্য সম্পূর্ণ করা (Complete the Sentence)। অনেক শিক্ষার্থী এই অংশে ভালো করতে চায়, কিন্তু সঠিক phrase বা expression না জানার কারণে ভুল করে। আজকের এই ব্লগটিতে আমরা এমন ১৯টি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ইংরেজি phrase ও শব্দ নিয়ে আলোচনা করব, যেগুলো এইচ এস সি পরীক্ষার প্রশ্নে বারবার আসে।
Mastering Conjunctions: 3 Types, Powerful Uses & Examples
এই আর্টি কেলে প্রতিটি phrase এর বাংলা অর্থ, sentence structure, এবং বাস্তব উদাহরণ দেওয়া হয়েছে যেন তোমরা সহজে শিখতে পারো এবং পরীক্ষায় ভালো করতে পারো।
Usage of 19 words/phrases:
1. Was Born – জন্মগ্রহণ করেছিল
Structure: Subject + was/were born + [place/date]
Use with past events of birth.
Examples:
- Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was born in 1920.
শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান ১৯২০ সালে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন। - I was born in Dhaka.
- আমি ঢাকায় জন্মগ্রহণ করেছি।
2. Have to / Has to – বাধ্য হওয়া
Structure: Subject + have to/has to + verb (base form)
Use for obligation or necessity.
Examples:
- I have to study hard.
আমাকে কঠোর পরিশ্রম করতে হবে। - She has to go now.
তাকে এখন যেতে হবে।
3. Am to / Is to / Are to – দায়িত্ব বা পূর্ব নির্ধারিত কাজ
Structure: Subject + am/is/are to + verb (base form)
Often used for formal obligations or future arrangements.
Examples:
- The president is to visit tomorrow.
রাষ্ট্রপতি আগামীকাল সফর করবেন। - I am to attend the meeting.
আমাকে মিটিংয়ে অংশ নিতে হবে।
4. Would Rather – বরং পছন্দ করা
Structure: Subject + would rather + verb (base form) + than + verb (base form) + ——–
Expresses preference.
Examples:
- I would rather stay home than go out.
আমি বাইরে যাওয়ার চেয়ে বাসায় থাকাই পছন্দ করব। - He would rather die than surrender.
- সে আত্মসমর্পণ করার চেয়ে মরতে চায়।
5. Had Better – ভালো হবে যদি…
Structure: Subject + had better + verb (base form)
Strong advice.
Examples:
- You had better take an umbrella.
তোমার ছাতা নেওয়া ভালো হবে। - He had better not be late.
তার দেরি না করাই ভালো।
6. Let Alone – তো দূরের কথা
Structure: … can’t do A, let alone B
Used to emphasize that if A is not possible, B is even more impossible.
Examples:
- He can’t walk, let alone run.
সে হাঁটতেই পারে না, দৌড়ানো তো দূরের কথা। - I don’t have money for food, let alone a smartphone.
- খাওয়ার টাকাই নেই, স্মার্টফোন তো দূরের কথা।
7. What If – যদি এমন হয় তাহলে কী হবে
Structure: What if + subject + verb (present/past)
Used to pose a hypothetical question.
Examples:
- What if it rains tomorrow?
যদি কাল বৃষ্টি হয় তাহলে কী হবে? - What if he doesn’t come?
- যদি সে না আসে তাহলে?
8. As if / As though – যেন
Structure: Subject + verb (base form) + as if / as though + subject + verb ( past form) + ——– / Subject + verb (past form) + as if / as though + subject + had + verb ( past participle form) + ——–
Used to describe unreal or imaginary situations.
Examples:
- He talks as if he knew everything.
সে এমনভাবে কথা বলে যেন সব জানে। - She cried as though she had lost everything.
সে এমনভাবে কাঁদছিল যেন সব হারিয়েছে।
9. As Soon As – সঙ্গে সঙ্গে
Structure: As soon as + subject + verb (past/present), subject + verb
Used to show immediate action.
Examples:
- As soon as he saw me, he smiled.
সে আমাকে দেখা মাত্রই হাসল। - Call me as soon as you arrive.
- তুমি পৌঁছেই আমাকে কল করো।
10. What Is It Like – এটা কেমন?
Structure: What is it like + noun/subject
Used to ask for description or opinion.
Examples:
- What is it like to live in Canada?
কানাডায় থাকা কেমন? - What is it like working from home?
বাসা থেকে কাজ করা কেমন?
Prepositions: Rules, Examples, and Easy Usage Guide
11. What Does — Look Like? – দেখতে কেমন?
Structure: What does + subject + look like?
Used to describe appearance.
Examples:
- What does your teacher look like?
তোমার শিক্ষক দেখতে কেমন? - What does the house look like?
বাড়িটা দেখতে কেমন?
12. What’s — Like? – কেমন?
Similar to “What is it like,” but more informal.
Examples:
- What’s your new school like?
তোমার নতুন স্কুল কেমন? - What’s the movie like?
সিনেমাটা কেমন?
13. The + adjective — the + adjective – যত … তত
Structure: The + comparative adjective, the + comparative adjective
Examples:
- The more you study, the better you do.
যত বেশি পড়বে, তত ভালো করবে। - The faster you work, the sooner you’ll finish.
যত তাড়াতাড়ি কাজ করবে, তত তাড়াতাড়ি শেষ হবে।
14. Either — or – অথবা
Shows two possibilities.
Examples:
- Either you study hard or you fail.
তুমি হয় মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়বে, নয়তো ফেল করবে। - We can go either by bus or by train.
- আমরা বাসে বা ট্রেনে যে কোনোটায় যেতে পারি।
15. Neither — nor – না … না
Negative of “either…or.”
Examples:
- Neither he nor his brother came.
না সে এল, না তার ভাই। - Neither the teacher nor the students were late.
শিক্ষক বা শিক্ষার্থীদের কেউই দেরি করেনি।
16. Not Only — But Also – শুধু তাই নয় বরং
Examples:
- Not only did he help me, but also encouraged me.
সে শুধু আমাকে সাহায্যই করেনি, বরং উৎসাহও দিয়েছে। - She is not only smart but also hardworking.
সে শুধু বুদ্ধিমান নয়, বরং পরিশ্রমীও।
17. Would You Mind – আপনি কি আপত্তি করবেন?
Structure: Would you mind + verb-ing
Use to make polite requests.
Examples:
- Would you mind opening the window?
আপনি কি জানালাটা খুলে দেবেন? - Would you mind helping me?
আপনি কি আমাকে একটু সাহায্য করবেন?
18. Introductory It –
Used to begin a sentence for emphasis.
Structure: It + is/was + adjective/noun + that…
Examples:
- It is important that you study every day.
প্রতিদিন পড়া গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। - It was a mistake to trust him.
তাকে বিশ্বাস করা ভুল ছিল।
19. Introductory There –
Structure: There + is/are/was/were + noun
Used to show existence or occurrence.
Examples:
- There is a cat on the roof.
ছাদে একটি বিড়াল আছে। - There are many students in the class.
ক্লাসে অনেক ছাত্র আছে।
Completing Sentence: All 14 Rules & Examples
1. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/ words given in the box.
| what does —— look like | as if | had better | let alone | need not |
| what if | as soon as | what’s it like | have to | would rather |
(a) Nowadays most of the politicians play the role of actors/actresses. They act — they were the real patriots.
(b) Pakistan cricket team is very weak now. They cannot defeat Bangladesh, — Australia.
(c) In our country the members of law enforcing organizations — lead a very risky life.
(d) The price of mango is high in our country. — we turn this land into a mango orchard?
(e) We — walk fast. It may start raining. The sky seems stormy.
(f) — staying in a hostel?
(g) — the meeting started, some activists of the opposition party started picketing.
(h) He can see well. He — use spectacle.
(i) We — develop our humanity than observe hartal and strike. Let us change our destructive culture.
(j) The authoress: — your mother —, Jerry?
Jerry: She is a very nice woman. She looks pretty nice.
2. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/ words given in the box.
| Let alone | Was born | there | What is it like | What if |
| has to | It | as if | what does…. look like | Had better |
(a) He treats me — I were his younger brother. Actually he is one of my distant relatives.
(b) Rima is a daughter of poor parents. She has no private tutor. So she — study hard.
(c) — was a stormy night. It was raining also.
(d) I cannot ride a bike, — a car. I have no money to buy any of these two things.
(e) Victor Hugo is a famous French novelist and dramatist. He — in 1802.
(f) Salma, — a kangaroo —?
(g) Today is holiday. — going to the zoo?
(h) You are not attentive to your study. — you fail in the exam?
(i) You — cross the river at this moment. The river is very rough now.
(j) — flows a river by our village. We often swim in it.
3. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/ words given in the box.
| let alone | was born | there | we are | what if |
| has to | it | as if | what does …. look like | had better |
(a) He treats me — I were his younger brother. Actually he is one of my distant relatives.
(b) Nasima is a daughter of poor parents. She has no private tutor. So she — study hard.
(c) — was a stormy night. It was raining also. I passed the night totally alone in the hostel.
(d) I cannot ride a motorbike, — a car. I have no money to buy any of these two things.
(e) Victor Hugo was a French novelist and dramatist. He — in 1802.
(f) Salman : — a kangaroo —?
Mita : Sorry friend, I have no idea about kangaroo. I have never seen it.
(g) Today is holiday. — going to visit the zoo.
(h) Your parents are bearing your educational expenses with great difficulty. But you are not attentive to your study. — you fail in the Exam?
(i) — flows a river by our village. We often swim in the river.
(j) You — cross the river at this moment. The river is very calm now.
4. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/ words given in the box.
| was born | What does ———– look like | let alone | There | would rather |
| has to | What’s it like | as soon as | as if | had better |
(a) Life is full of struggles. Certainly, it has ups and downs. A man —————– face innumerable barriers in his life.
(b) The tide of globalization has now entered into other spheres too. The whole world is now —————- it were a global village.
(c) Education is the backbone of a nation. It is the crying need of our country. We ¾ educate our children than keep them illiterate.
(d) Self-employment is a possible solution to the unemployed problem. The Government —————– explore avenues for self-employment.
(e) I frequently visit library to read books on different subjects. But now a days many students do not attend the class regularly ————– visit library.
(f) A major influence on American Children’s lives is the television shows they watch. TV viewing statistics are staggering ————–.
(g) Punctuality is the key to success. A student can do good result ¾ he becomes punctual.
(h) Sadaf : ——- a desert look ———-?
Samin : A desert looks like a sea of sand. People use ships for travelling by the sea. In the same way for the travelling through desert, camel is used.
(i) Shakespeare is the greatest dramatist of all times. He ————- in 1564 in England.
(j) ———– trying to abstain from evil deeds? It is great because evil deeds bring about ruins.
5. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/ words given in the box.
| have to | there | what’s it like | would rather | what does ¾ look like |
| as soon as | had better | as if | was born | let alone |
(a) Many people think that they have no joy in their life. We ———— find out how we can make our life happier.
(b) Abbas is a good boy, he ————– read novel than watch TV.
(c) Abraham Lincoln was the 16th president of the United States. He ———— on February 12, 1809 in Kentucky.
(d) Jony does not late at any work. I ———– ring him at once, he must have fallen in any problem.
(e) Aritro is a dull student. He cannot pass in C-grade ———— in A-grade.
(f) Rahim gong is a big Union. But —————- is no high school here.
(g) The condition of the patient is very critical. The doctor wanted to operate ¾ possible.
(h) Mizan is an honest man. He talks about the matter ————– he knew everything.
(i) Karim : ———-, the sculpture ————–?
Rahim : I think it is like a horse.
(j) —————- writing in the paper? You seem to be very happy with this pen.
6. Complete the sentences with suitable phrases/ words given in the box.
| would rather | as if | has to | had better | as soon as |
| there | what’s it like | it | let alone | what if |
(a) To be successful one — be disciplined. For, without maintaining a disciplined life, none can succeed in life.
(b) He cannot express his ideas in Bangla, — in English. He is not studious at all.
(c) I — lead a simple life than earn a lot of money illegally and lead an aristocratic life. I always hate corruption and the corrupts.
(d) While taking exam, students should check if they have attempted all the questions — they finish writings. but unfortunately some students do not do it.
(e) Today it is drizzling. So, — taking kedgeree at lunch?
(f) Rahim is meritorious but poor. He — do a private tuition in the afternoon to afford his educational expenses.
(g) Touhid is a good singer. We have invited him only to our cultural function — he misses?
(h) My friend always talks — he knew everything. Actually he is not a learned man.
(i) — is unfortunate that many students spoil most of their time by using face-book.
(j) Now we get information within some seconds. Cell phones are doing this miraculous thing. But — was a time we had to wait days after days for a letter to come and bring the news about our near and dear ones.